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People we talked to were asked if there were any areas that they thought needed more research or needed to be given greater priority. A few people said they could not think of anything in particular or did not know enough to comment. However, others came up with a wide range of suggestions, both about specific conditions or groups of people, and also about types of treatment and types of research. Not surprisingly, people most readily identified conditions which they themselves had experienced as needing more research.
However, a common theme was the need for more research into neglected conditions, which do not attract much public tư vấn. For example, Fenella wanted to see more research into mental health problems, and Caroline took the view that the research agenda is skewed by both drug company funding and the interests of more powerful charities, which she felt led to some research areas being neglected.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 41Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTSo for example mental health is, is an area that, that is for me a priority. But I think, you know, we have to look at it on a very broad perspective. Its not just about mental health. But we have, for example, areas around diabetes, where I think that the psychological impact and the mental health impact of such chronic diseases are not researched enough. And this in fact is something that, that health psychologists have spoken about for a long time. I think its, its about developing areas like that as well, because mental health isnt mutually exclusive. I think if somebody sits down and says to you, Youve got a disease that could blind you. You could lose your foot. You know, your nerves are going to, might be dead in thirty years time off your foot and all this sort of thing. Very scary things that can happen to you. Or, you know, Youve got to inject yourself for the rest of your life and, you know, and youve got all these risk factors. Its really, really scary. And people can become quite depressed as well, because they might feel their life is limited. It shouldnt be, but they might feel their life is limited. And they may have also psychiatric difficulties as well. And the same set can be applied to cancer. Its well know that people can get very depressed, you know, pro, post-recovery from treatment, because, you know, its kind of an anticlimax. Theyve had their treatment, theyre now better, and theyve had all of this wonderful care around them, they might have been on a trial, they might not have been, but all of a sudden they are sent home and packing saying, Oh, come back every three months for your check-up. And thats it.And everybody sees them as better. And it can be quite difficult, quite – raise a lot of difficult emotions. And areas like this, where mental health is quite important, I think are not researched enough. And I think theres more scope for clinical trials in non-drug areas of peoples lives, I mean which dont involve medication. Weve seen it, you know, in, in mental health but I think it needs to expand more into other clinical areas. So we can look at how, you know, peoples lifestyles or the effect of clinical treatment can affect peoples mental state or affect their physical well-being, but without there needing to be drugs involved.At the same time I think that drug trials will continue, because they have to. We have to know that drugs are safe and that they work. But its not the be-all and end-all. I think that the expansion now of trials outside a medication route is growing, and I think theres a lot of scope for that to be developed in all areas of medicine.
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Viewfull profileAge at interview: 42Sex: FemaleSee full profileHIDE TEXTPRINT TRANSCRIPTI do think there are important issues to do with the funding and where it comes from, because obviously there are forces at work, the drug company, who have an enormous vested interest in people being ill, because if nobodys ill, nobody takes any drugs. So they are not interested in funding preventative healthcare, because for them theyd go out of business. Theyre the big players when it comes to funding healthcare research. And its very difficult to find funding from other bodies for stuff that isnt to do with drug intervention. And, you know, it falls to the government to fund that kind of thing, and charitable organisations. Government, yeah, great, they could potentially be quite even handed. Charities are not. So for example if a charity is a particularly sexy charity that attracts a lot of money, and organisations that giảm giá with children typically do that, organisations that giảm giá with old people typically dont. So those charities have lots of money to spend, the successful, well-known, sexy charities, and obviously they want to spend it on their particular thing that they giảm giá with. Theyre not going to fund research on, you know, something thats nothing to do with what they tư vấn. So that is an immense problem, because those particular charities dont necessarily serve the needs of the biggest number of people. I mean if you looked, I dont know what the demographics are, but you could argue the case that the healthcare needs for old people are the biggest number, the biggest group of people requiring healthcare, and thats where the money should be poured. But it doesnt work like that, and so there are lots and lots of funding issues for that kind of research.Whereas things like research into a new drug treatment for stroke, you know, obviously lots of money there. Things like research into drug and drug therapies for MS [multiple sclerosis], lots of money there, because organisations like the MS Society are huge and strong and attract lots of funding because theyre very efficient at fund-raising. So, yes, there are lots of issues to do with funding.Another common theme was the effects of complementary and alternative therapies, both amongst people who favoured such therapies and those who were more sceptical.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 59Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTI mean, the big turning point for me in terms of my own personal well-being and physical well-being was when I found out about acupuncture. I was actually having acupuncture for pain by a physio in the national health, because my back, the discs have gone wobbly because of the Parkinsons. And she referred me to somebody who trained, her trainer, who actually does five-element acupuncture. And hes, he was an anaesthetist, his wife is a GP. They went to Trung Quốc for a sort of a gap year years ago, stayed for two, learned the language and now practice, and it has been wonderful. But then you read in the paper all these things charlatans, alternative therapys rubbish, you know.But I think it would be interesting to see some proper research on, on alternative and complementary therapies, because I talk to so many people, like when I go for hydrotherapy or whatever, whove tried different things and theyre convinced that they worked. But you can get, then you get – youre prone to get – these people who say, Its all charlatans and con-men, and there really isnt any evidence. Well, thats probably the, actually the answer. There isnt enough evidence. It doesnt mean to say it doesnt work. It just means to say there isnt enough evidence [laughs].
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 61Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTI think that its a very good idea that there have been recently proper trials and, and reviews of all the trials that have been done for alternative treatments, because huge claims are made for them. And in fact it turns out that all of them have a good effect, but no better effect than placebo, no better effect than a sugar pill, or being given an ordinary massage or some, some other treatment. And I think its very important people should know that. Theres a big mystique around alternative medicine. Theres a lot of pressure on the NHS to provide all sorts of treatments that people say make them feel better, and may make them feel better.But I do think we need to know the actual science. So I think, you know, if theres a lot of pressure for one particular form of treatment on the NHS, its very important that we should have proper scientific controlled trials. A lot of these alternative treatments of course you cant quite do that with. Its quite difficult to stick pins in people [laughs] without them knowing theyre having a pin stuck in them. If youre going to do a clinical trial on acupuncture, they will know whether theyve had it or not had it. Nevertheless we do need to know what works. And I dont think its any good to just go through in a kind of fog, where you say, Well, patients say they like this. So therefore the NHS ought to provide it. That way you waste an awful lot of money and time.Several people commented on the need for research into less easily measurable aspects of health and health care.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 70Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTI think the effect of living with someone that has a condition like mine needs a lot of research. Its the partner that suffers, its the partner whos in 24/7 contact that has to cope with the mood swings, of which there are plenty. There is a very good actual course that one can do. Its called The Expert Patients Plan, and that helps you to live with long term conditions regardless of what they were. I actually did that, and there were people with emphysema and people with arthritis who were in a great giảm giá of pain, and as it was a group situation we all fed in how we felt, what our problems were, and how we could problem-solve. And our facilitators were absolutely marvellous, and we really gained a great giảm giá of benefit. But really I think if people could work and help the partner and perhaps possibly the wider family as well, the effects on them, and how they can best assist the patient, that would be extremely useful.Has being in the trial had particular implications for your partner?I dont actually think of it as a trial. I think of it as just another treatment. And hes been through this third lot of chemotherapy, and each of the chemotherapies has had a different side effect. But hes been extremely supportive and has taken over lots of domestic roles, like washing up and things like that, which really is fantastic. This time, actually, I havent been able to stand quite as much as normal. Im supposed to sit with my feet up, and so therefore there are things that I had been doing heretofore but find it far more difficult to do now. So hes, Im afraid, had to be landed with that, as well as having his own heart condition. So its tough, but we, we rub along.
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Viewfull profileAge at interview: 42Sex: FemaleSee full profileHIDE TEXTPRINT TRANSCRIPTAre there other areas that you think are being neglected that you would like to see being researched?Well, when you speak to the majority of women about the experiences they have in hospital to do with their birth, there are some quite strong themes that emerge. And information is one of them. But I think that is changing because of the amount of information thats available trực tuyến. And most women get the vast majority of their information from talking to other women. And it does sometimes feel when youre pregnant that other women are just dying to tell you all about what happened to them. And Ive got a theory about that, and its because having a baby, giving birth, is an immensely traumatic sự kiện. A few women have a very, very beautiful experience, where flowers burst into bloom and the sun comes out and its all lovely. But Ive never met one of them. Most women have a birthing experience which is unpleasant on some level or other. And I think that women like to relive those experiences as part of their own self-therapy, because talking it through with other people is a good way of getting over the trauma of having given birth. And thats why any chance you give to a woman to tell you about her birthing experiences and shell tell you in lurid detail.Theres other strong themes about nursing care on the wards. Its very rare to find women who say, Yeah, I had a really lovely time and the nurses were all beautiful. Its always the other way round, where people say, God, you know, I had to go and do this for myself. I had to do that. It was very traumatic. And noise levels, women often say, youve just given birth, its one of the most private, intense moments of your life, and youre there in a dormitory, you know, like a public dormitory in the cheapest, tattiest quý khách sạn you could ever imagine, with four complete strangers. And you do kind of think, Were in the second, third millennium now. Is this really the way that women have to bring new life into the world?I think theres a place for randomised controlled trials, but I think the way that the birthing experience needs to be investigated, it should be more experiential, because thats the way that women experience it, thats the way they talk about it. They discuss it endlessly as part of their own therapy. Its how you get over the experience. You talk about it, you tell other mums about it, you find people whove had worse experiences than you, better experiences. And, you know, finding out that in fact someone else has had a really horrible and similar experience to you at that exact same hospital on that exact same ward makes you feel vindicated. You then start to think, Its not me. I wasnt just a cronky, grumpy patient. Actually theres a problem there on that ward. Thats what these people need to hear.But often theyre not that interested in that because I suppose theres nothing they can do about it. If they cant get the staff for a particular ward, they cant get the staff.Trials in surgery have become more common, but when Jayne was diagnosed with breast cancer some years ago, the surgeon she saw was dismissive of her wish to be in a trial. She said, He probably didnt know much about them, because he was what I would class as an old-school surgeon, and surgeons dont do clinical trials because surgeons know best.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 47Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTThe number of clinical trials that are published in surgical journals now has almost gone up exponentially, so I think even the surgeons are accepting uncertainty, and new surgical procedures are getting trialled against existing surgical procedures.I suppose its one thing to accept uncertainty within your self and another to express that to patients, maybe.Yeah, I mean youve also got collective – individual uncertainty and collective uncertainty*, so surgeon A may swear that operation A is the best, and surgeon B may swear that operation B is the best and thats fine. But youve got to compare the two operations done by as many people as possible. And thats where I think a little white tablet youre finding out which tablet or regime does the greatest good for the greatest number of people, whereas with any surgical procedure or something thats dependent upon clinicians skill youre looking at what does the greatest good for the greatest number of patients by the greatest number of clinicians, because if an operation is so, so complicated and difficult that only the most skilled surgeons can do, thats not really useful for general application through a population. So you have to think more on population benefit rather than individual benefit, and I think in an individualist society that sort of attitude tends to get lost.Mmm, and in —Because everyone wants whats best for them, rather than seeing the bigger picture of whats best for the most people.Yes, yes, and I think, I mean its still, its still hard for doctors, you know even if they accept all of that to actually explain that to the individual sitting in front of them, sometimes.Mmm, its probably easier with the tablet than an operation. Were coming to terms with similar things in our discipline [dentistry] which is again a very clinician-dependent one but – and weve got the range of different, like, braces and things that we can use – but as a profession we are becoming more comfortable about discussing these uncertainties, and more and more clinicians are prepared to enter trials. When I started doing my PhD there were hardly any clinical trials, and the ones that had been done were like testing different glues, which in a way is like a tablet – glue A versus glue B – whereas now theyre running really bold trials against quite different competing interventions.* FOOTNOTE’ Individual uncertainty here means that an individual surgeon is uncertain which operation is best for which patient. As Jayne explains, however, sometimes individual surgeons have views about which operation they think is best, even when there is disagreement or uncertainty amongst their colleagues as a whole. This is collective uncertainty.Several people with cancer hoped that there could be more research into ways of minimising the side effects of current treatment methods. For example, Gillwas interested in new research she had heard about into better targeting of the chemicals, rather than just blitzing everything, because chemotherapy wipes out a lot of good cells as well as bad cells. Julian had a similar view, and had high hopes for genetics and DNA research.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 61Sex: MaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTIts the case that most cancers involve some sort of disturbance of DNA repair mechanisms. Thats what makes the cancer cells dangerous, because it makes them very mutable. And so cancer researchers are aware of that and theres a lot of effort devoted to basic research on how DNA repair mechanisms work, and a lot of awareness that that would be a possible bit of cell function to target with drugs. And it may be that a bigger proportion of cancer research should be devoted to that area, but I dont really know what the sort of quantitative balance is of research is at moment.One thing I do think is very clear from my story, or from the story of this drug, is that basic biology research is absolutely essential. If you try to work on only those things which have direct and clear application to cancer, you wont achieve your goals. You need to understand all these things about the basic molecular biology of cells and, you know, my story I think is remarkable because it shows so very clearly how doing that basic research can lead to treatments that really work.And these are quite, I think, rather revolutionary times in cancer research, because our understanding of cells and of cancer pathology has advanced to the point where we can really devise more and more of these rational treatments that tackle the cancer in a quite specific way, and are a huge improvement, potentially, on the sort of blunderbuss chemotherapy methods that have been used mainly up to now.So Id put in a plea for basic cancer research.Are you worried that basic or kind of blue skies type research is under threat?No, I think its, in this country – well, no, I think its quite – theres always a risk. Always theres a possibility with a new sort of group of politicians or senior bosses of the MRC [Medical Research Council] or whoever it may be, that therell be pressure to do less basic research and switch more to translational or clinical research. But at the moment I think the balance is acceptable in this country, and the people who are in responsible positions, like the head of the MRC and so on, have a very healthy view of that necessity for basic research.I mean, you want to supplement the basic research with translational research that puts things into practice, but not to sacrifice the basic research.As well as the effects of different kinds of treatment, some people wanted to see more investigation of the causes of conditions, and factors which might affect them such as lifestyle or ageing. Jenny, for example, wanted to know more about what caused the uterine fibroids which led to her heavy periods. Angela was interested in more scientific research into causes of Parkinsons, while Phil wanted to know more about the relationship between sport and high blood pressure.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 59Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTWe tend to get the same people on each of the forums, and Im a bit wary of them because – not wary of them, but [sighs] you get this thing of like, Oh, was it because I bumped my head? What caused the Parkinsons? Was it–? For me its, its actually been relatively easy. Its to do with organophosphate poisoning*. Im fairly certain. And Ive been able to do a lot of research and find that out. But then you get, you know, Well I had a head injury or I had migraines or I – smells, theres something about people lose their sense of smell and often go on to have Parkinsons. And Im thinking, Well, hang on. I breathe and Ive got Parkinsons.There seems to be, they dont seem to be able to differentiate between things that are parallel and things that actually meet, and so a lot of supposition is going on that is weird, I mean, that I actually dont think theres any quantifiable way of – I dont think it would quantify, because it could be drinking coffee or smoking cigars. Its that people have got to find some kind of a reason.And it may not be. I dont know. With me I know its not genetic because Ive been, I was doing the family tree anyway. For some other people it might be.
* FOOTNOTE:The Parkinsons Disease Society reports that environmental and genetic factors are key areas of research into the cause of Parkinsons. Most scientists agree that a combination of genes and the environment conspire to trigger the disease, though exactly which genes and which external factors is still not clear. Exposure to pollutants and pesticides has been put forward as one likely environmental factor.
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Viewfull profileAge at interview: 58Sex: MaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTWell, I suppose, Im particularly interested I suppose in how it affects, sport affects it, because Im, Ive always done a lot of sport, like running and football, that sort of thing. I still do now, you know. In fact it never, blood pressure never affected anything I did it all. You know, I didnt even realise I had it, really. But it might be interesting to do some research on, you know, blood pressure when youre under sort of high pressure, running or swimming or whatever, and see what the effects of that, that are. Ive had, you know, sort of working ECGs when Im on a treadmill or a bike, and theyre taking your blood pressure and everything there. So I think it might be an idea to, you know, do a sort of intensive trial on, on blood pressure, to see what the effects are, you know, athletes or people who do a lot of walking or whatever, swimming, you know, high activity, and see what the results are from that.To sort of help understand whether its a problem for people —Well, thats right, yeah, yeah. I mean theoretically it should be helpful, I would have thought, doing, you know – I was a bit surprised when I first realised I had high, or I was told I had high blood pressure. I was a bit surprised, because Id always, as I say, done a lot of running. I used to run sort of twenty miles a week and swim and always played football. So you think of yourself as being sort of above any problems really. But of course, you know, high blood pressure is not actually a disease or anything. Its not a, an illness. Its just something youve got. And its, you need to know youve got it because it can lead to strokes or heart attacks. So even if youre fairly young and fit, you should be aware that youve got it and try and keep it under control.Several people emphasised the role patients or the public can play in informing research and research priorities. (See also Public awareness and involvement).
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 62Sex: MaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTIf you want to introduce a screening test on a population basis – as a policy – then two thoughtful authors, Paul Glasziou and Les Irwig, made an interesting suggestion in an article published last year [2000]. You go to a random sample of the population and you invite that random sample to look at the evidence and to say whether that they think that this screening test should be applied to the population of which they are the representatives. If they come out with a clear Yes, then that gives you the legitimacy to go ahead and offer the screening test on a population basis. If they come out with a clear No, then that also gives you a clear direction about what you ought to be doing on behalf of the whole population. If there’s a real mixture of views and no clear cut off at all that allows you to say that a majority of people are in favour, that obviously means that the information is sufficiently uncertain or equivocal that more information is needed before you have a license, a mandate, in other words, to approach a whole population with a screening test. I think that’s a very good suggestion and I don’t know whether it’s ever been tried.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 54Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTThinkwells an idea that came up with some of the patient groups that I work with. Theres a lot of ordinary members of the public out there who, who actually are interested in research and who would like to participate, like myself. You know, you never get invited by your doctor, and lots of questions out there about health, you know, Is it better to do, to really do a lot of exercise three days a week or a little bit every day? you know, and whod be interested and willing to participate. So the idea was we would set up a website where people could come together, and its, and its called The International Network for Knowledge about Wellbeing. So were concentrating on things that make you healthy, things people can do for themselves. And the idea is that the public come, they have their questions, we can look at the evidence and give it to them. Weve also got a risk communication website so that people can have a look. If someone tells you Oh well, you know, theres a one in 10,000 chance of, of dying from cervical cancer, and it reduces tenfold if you go, if you have screening, well, what does that mean? Is that a big risk? Is that a small risk? What other risks do we take like that? So theres a database, you can compare it.I prefer to give people information, but they need to be able to use that information sensibly. So this is part of whats on the Thinkwell website, a risk communication website, so they can go and play with risks and if people tell them its a 0.006 risk, Well, what does that mean? Well, it will translate it back into, Well, that means that six, you know, in every 10,000 people might have it. So it translates it into more meaningful formats for people, and also enables them to get together and if they want to run a trial well help them run a trial, and they can sign up to a trial. So one of the things were exploring for example is theres – we dont know, what we have in this country now, if you have a baby they have whats called active management of labour, so theres these things that they do to you, its all predetermined. Okay? And one of the things that they will do is the moment the babys born they clamp its cord. And there are people who argue thats not a good thing. A third of the babys blood is in the placenta and cord and the argument is if you leave it a little bit, more blood will go back to the baby and its less likely to be anaemic. Theres an argument for delayed cord clamping but we dont knows whats right.But health care professionals havent done this trial, but women would like to know. So our idea is that well get women to randomise themselves on the internet, women who are having babies who are interested in the question will say, Yeah, Im interested in participating in this research. Im willing to be allocated by choice to choose delayed or early cord clamping. Theyll come on, well say, Now toss the coin right, go and ask for delayed cord clamping in your birth plan. You go and ask for early cord clamping. And then we can compare the results because well have two groups of – but its the women who are doing that trial, really, and were just taking their results with their permission to see if there is actually any difference in outcome.Joanna agreed that lay involvement was important, and has become one of two consumer representatives on the board of the National Cancer Research Institute. However, she suggested that the impact of lay involvement is itself something that needs researching.
Viewfull profileAge at interview: 63Sex: FemaleSee full profileSHOW TEXT VERSIONPRINT TRANSCRIPTIm not sure really whether Im particularly helpful at a strategic level. Im not sure whether – I feel that as a group we dont yet know enough about what we have succeeded in achieving as consumers or users of research and participants. I dont think we actually know how much our involvement is proving positive. But the consumer liaison group is now working quite hard to try and activate ways to research that, to find out, you know, How are consumers getting involved in research – other than as people on a trial, you know, but as helping to form trials, to sort out consent forms, to sort out descriptions, to shape the way research is going, to pressure for particular sorts of research? What are they actually doing and to what extent are they having an impact?This is the sort of research that we want to try and get funded and actually go into. Now, doing that research would interest me hugely, because I dont think until we know that were in a very good position to actually say what we should sensibly be putting our energies in – what someone like me responding to an advertisement [asking for consumer representatives] can hope to help to influence. But I think, you know, this is, looks like its quite an energetic new thrust in the group, in the cancer group, which I hope will spread to other areas, actually.
Last reviewed September 2018
Last updated June 2013
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